Fuel pump



Jan. 31, 1939. A. c. VOGELEI ET Al.

Patented Jan. 31, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT GFF'ICE.

Application April 27, 1938, Serial No. 204,648

5 Claims. (Cl. 103-2) This invention relates to fuel pumps such as areused in connection with multi-cylinder internal combustion engines ofthe fuel injection type. It is the object of the invention to obtain asimple construction which can be manufactured at low cost and which iscapable of injecting. fuel successively into the different cylinders andin variable amounts. It is a further object to obtain a constructionwhich may be used with a variable number of cylinders requiring only achange in the cam and the location of the ports, but without change inthe other elements of the structure. With these objects in view theinvention consists in the construction as hereinafter set forth. l

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a vertical central section through our improved pump;

Figures 2, 3 and 4 are cross sections respectively on lines 2-2, 3-3 and4 4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a View similar to Figure 1, showing a modified construction;

Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the means for varying the effectivestroke of the piston and the quantity of fuel ejected thereby.

As shown in Figure 1, A is a suitable casing having an axial cylindricalbore forlreceiving a revoluble cylinder member B, this being held fromaxial movement by a flange C engaging a. counterbore at the lower end ofthe casing A and by a retaining ange D detachably secured to the casingby screws E. The cylinder B has an axial bore F for receiving areciprocatory piston or plunger G.- The latter is actuated by a cam oreccentric H on a shaft I extending transversely of the casing A andsecured thereto by suitable bearings J. The shaft I also transmitsrotary motion to the cylinder B through the medium of beveled gearWheels K and L which are preferably in a ratio of 1 to 2. This Willcause the cylinder B to rotate at one-half the angular speed of the camshaft.

The cylinder B has a portion l13' extending below the casing A on whichthe gear L is mounted and this portion has a counterborefor receiving areciprocating cup-shaped cylindrical shoe M which bears against the camH. N is a shank of the piston G which extends downward into the cupL M,and O is a. spring sleeved on thisshank, one end of which bears againsta collar O' and the other end on a shoulder on the cylinder B. 'Ihisforms the resilient means for retracting the piston G and for holdingthe shoe M in contact with the cam H.

The casing A is further provided in its upper portion with a counterborefor receiving a controlling sleeve P which surrounds the cylinder B.This sleeve has an operating shaft P passing outward through an aperturein a cover A' of the casing A, and a rock arm YP'* attached to the shaftforms a means of rotativly adjusting the sleeve. The liquid fuel to beejected is supplied through a suitable conduit, not shown, and entersthe casing A through a port Q which is in constant communication with anannular channel Q' in the sleeve P. This channel is connected with portsQ2 extending through the sleeve and positioned to be in the path of aport B' in the cylinder B, which communicates with the bore F thereof.This port B' is located above the uppermost position of the piston G, sothat whenever said port registers with one of the ports Q2 there will befree passage for the uid from the source of supply intothe bore F. Thecylinder B is further provided with a port B2 which during rotation ofsaid cylinder will successively register withports R, R', R2, R3 in thesleeve P and corresponding ports S, S', S2, S3 in the casing A, whichlatter are connected by suitable conduits, now shown, with the severalcylinders of the engine.

With the construction as thus far described, it will be understood thatwhen rotation is imparted to the shaft I, this through the cam H andshoe M, will actuate the piston G to move the same upward in the bore F,while the spring O will effect the return movement. Simultaneously, thegears K and L will communicate rotary motion to the cylinder B, so as tosuccessivelyv register the ports B' and B2 with the corresponding portsin -the sleeve P and casing A. Assuming that the sleeve P is in aposition where the ports Q2 thereof will successively register with theport B' simultaneously with the piston G reaching the top of its stroke,then uid will be admitted to the bore F during the entire downwardstroke of the piston, after which the port B' passing out ofregistration with the port Q2 will close the inlet during the upwardstroke. of the piston. This will result in ejecting a quantity of fuelequal to the full displacement of the piston during each upward strokethereof, and the fuel so ejected will be distributed successivelythrough the ports S, S', S2 and S3 to the several cylinders of theengine. It is, however, sometimes necessary to vary the quantity of fuelejected, which can be accomplished by rotatively adjusting the sleeve Pso that the port B' will register with -each of the'ports Q2 before thecompletion of the upward stroke of the piston. 'I'his will permit theremainder of uid displaced by the piston to return to the inlet insteadof being ejected through the port B2. .Such adjustment is permittedwithout restriction to the inlet of fluid during the entire downwardstroke of the piston for the reason that the angular movement requiredfor the complete reciprocation of the piston is less than the angularmovement between successive re'ciprocations. This is indicateddiagrammatically in Figure 6, in which a, a', a2, a3 indicate thebeginnings of successive upward strokes of the piston, and b, b', b2, b2indicate the beginnings of successive downward strokes of the piston.The sleeve P is shown as adjusted to a position where the ports Q2thereof will register with the port B' when the piston reaches the pointc or before it has completed its upward stroke. This port Q2 will thenremain in registration with the port B' until after the completion ofthe downward stroke of the piston. In this manner the quantity of fuelejected by each stroke of the piston can be varied as desired by merelyrotatively adjusting the sleeve P. To render the measurement of fuelstill more accurate, we preferably by-pass the fuel during the earlyportion of the upward stroke of the piston at which time it is travelingrelatively slow. This is accomplished by providing a passage Tconnecting with the inlet passage Q and communieating with an annulargroove T' in the cylinder B, which in turn communicates with a port T2located to communicate with the bore F when the piston G is at thebottom of its stroke. As a consequence, the iiuid in the bore F will beby-passed through these ports and passages until the rise of the pistonG will seal the port T2 so that the eective stroke oi the piston will bebetween this point and the point at which the port Q2 opens intocommunication with the port B. The adjustment of the sleeve P may beaccomplished either manually or through the medium of an automaticgovernor, not shown.

A modified construction is shown in Figure 5, in which the sleeve P3instead of being adjusted rotatively, is moved axially. This sleeve isprovided With ports P4 havingv inclined contours, so that theirregistration with the inlet port B is advanced or delayed by suchvertical movement.

What we claim as our invention is:

1. A combined fuel injection and distributing pump comprising a portedcylinder, a piston therein, a ported distributor casing surrounding saidcylinder and piston. means for simultaneously reciprocating said pistonand rotating said cylinder in timed relation,'and a sleeve intermediatesaid cylinder and casing controlling the ports thereof and adjustable tovary the eiective injection stroke of said piston.

2. A combined fuelinjection and distributing pump comprising a revolublecylinder having inlet and outlet ports in diiferent planes of rotartion, a piston in said-cylinder, a distributor casing surrounding saidcylinder and piston having an inlet port and a series of outlet portsrespectively in the planes of the corresponding ports of said cylinder,means for reciprocating said piston and rotating said cylinder in timedrelation, and a sleeve intermediate said cylinder and casing having aseries of ports in constant communication with the inlet port of saidcasing and successively registering with the inlet port of saidcylinder, said sleeve being adjustable to change the timing of theopening and closingL of the latter ports.

3. A combined fuel injection and distributing pump comprising arevoluble cylinder having inlet and outlet ports in different planes ofrota.- tion, a piston in said cylinder, a distributor casing surroundingsaid cylinder and piston having an inlet port and a series of outletports respectively in the planes of the corresponding ports of saidcylinder, means for reciprocating said piston and rotating said cylinderin timed relation, and a sleeve intermediate said cylinder and casinghaving a series of ports in constant communication with the inlet portof said casing and successively registering with the inlet port of saidcylinder, said sleeve being rotatively adjustable to change the timingof the opening and closing of the latter ports.

4. A combined fuel injection and distributing pump comprising arevoluble cylinder having inlet and outlet ports in different planes ofrotation, a piston in said cylinder, a distributor casing surroundingsaid cylinder and piston having an inlet port and a series of outletports respectively in the planes of the corresponding ports of saidcylinder, means for reciprocating said piston and rotating said cylinderin timed relation, and a sleeve intermediate said cylinder and casing.having a series of ports in constant communication with the inlet portof said casing and successively registering with the inlet port of saidcylinder, said sleeve being rotatively adjustable to change the timingof the opening and closing of the latter ports and being provided with aseries of ports 5 respectively in constant communication with theregistering outlet ports in said cylinder and casing in all positions ofadjustment of said sleeve.

5. A combined fuel injecting and distributing pump comprising arevoluble cylinder having inlet and outlet ports in diierent planes ofrotation, a piston in said cylinder, a distributor casing surroundingsaid cylinder and piston having an inlet port and a series of outletports respectively in the planes of the corresponding ports of saidcylinder, a cam shaft journaled in fixed relation to said casing, aconstant ratio step-down gearing between said cam shaft and cylinder torotate the latter at a slower speed, and a cam on said shaft forreciprocating said piston.

. ALVIN C. VQGELEI.

MARSHALL 0. GROAT.

